14DCompletar oracionesCompleting Sentences
Para cada oración, complétala de una forma que demuestre que entiendes la palabra en negrita. Las oraciones de ejemplo abajo son solo modelos - tu respuesta debe venir de tu vida real o de tu imaginación.
For each sentence, finish it in a way that shows you understand the bold word. The example sentences below are just models - your own answer should come from your real life or imagination.
1Debes usar discretion cuando...You should use discretion when...
meaningDiscretion es ser cuidadoso y reflexivo, sobre todo con lo que dices o compartes.Discretion is being careful and thoughtful, especially about what you say or share.
example...estás hablando sobre algo privado que un amigo te contó en confianza....you're talking about something private a friend told you in confidence.
your turnPiensa en un momento en que soltar algo sin pensar causaría un problema. Ahí es donde aplica la discretion.Think of a time when blurting something out would cause a problem. That's where discretion belongs.
2Es una exaggeration si digo que...It's an exaggeration if I say that...
meaningUna exaggeration estira la verdad - hace que algo suene mucho más grande de lo que realmente es.An exaggeration stretches the truth - it makes something sound way bigger than it really is.
example...tengo un millón de tareas esta noche....I have a million pieces of homework tonight.
your turnToma algo normal de tu vida y exagéralo de manera ridícula. Cuanto más obvia sea la exageración, mejor el ejemplo.Take something normal in your life and stretch it ridiculously. The more obvious the stretch, the better the example.
3Sería fantastic si...It would be fantastic if...
meaningAquí, fantastic significa maravilloso o increíble.Here, fantastic means wonderful or amazing.
example...las vacaciones de verano duraran seis meses....summer vacation lasted six months.
your turn¿Cuál es tu escenario soñado? Hazlo en grande.What's a dream scenario? Make it big.
4Mi mission después de la escuela hoy es...My mission after school today is to...
meaningUna mission es una tarea importante que te has propuesto hacer.A mission is an important task you've set out to do.
example...terminar mi reporte de libro antes de la cena para tener toda la noche libre....finish my book report before dinner so my whole evening is free.
your turn¿Qué tienes en tu lista hoy de verdad? Usa eso.What's actually on your list today? Use that.
5Si tuviera la opportunity de ir a cualquier lugar que quisiera, iría...If I had the opportunity to go anywhere I wanted, I would go...
meaningOpportunity = una oportunidad, especialmente una que querrías aprovechar.Opportunity = a chance, especially one you'd want to take.
example...a Islandia para ver la aurora boreal....to Iceland to see the northern lights.
your turnSi el dinero y el tiempo no fueran un problema, ¿a dónde irías de verdad?If money and time weren't issues, where would you actually go?
6Si das tu consent para hacer algo, eso significa...If you give your consent to do something, that means...
meaningConsent es permiso - decir que sí, estás de acuerdo.Consent is permission - saying yes, you agree.
example...has accedido y has dado permiso para que suceda....you've agreed to it and given permission for it to happen.
tipEsta oración te pide definir qué significa consent. Reescríbelo con tus propias palabras.This sentence is asking you to define what consent means. Restate it in your own words.
7Una forma de vanquish el miedo es...One way to vanquish fear is to...
meaningVanquish = vencer o conquistar.Vanquish = defeat or conquer.
example...enfrentarlo directamente, paso a paso, hasta que pierda su poder....face it directly, in small steps, until it loses its grip.
your turn¿Cómo has vencido un miedo antes? ¿O cómo lo vencerías?How have you actually beaten a fear before? Or how would you?
8Un tyrant es...A tyrant is...
meaningUn tyrant es un gobernante cruel e injusto que usa el poder de manera dura.A tyrant is a cruel, unfair ruler who uses power harshly.
example...un líder que gobierna con miedo y solo le importa mantener su propio poder....a leader who rules through fear and only cares about keeping their own power.
tipComo en la #6, esta es una pregunta de definición. Solo describe qué es un tyrant con tus propias palabras.Like #6, this is a definition prompt. Just describe what a tyrant is in your own words.
9Si estuviera en una isla desierta, lo único que no relinquisharía es...If I were on a desert island, the one thing I wouldn't relinquish is...
meaningRelinquish = renunciar a algo.Relinquish = give up.
example...mi navaja, porque la necesitaría para casi todo lo demás....my pocketknife, because I'd need it for almost everything else.
your turn¿Cuál es la única cosa que en serio no entregarías? Elige algo que puedas justificar.What's the one item you absolutely wouldn't hand over? Pick something you can justify.
10Una de las cosas que me hacen marvel es...One of the things I marvel at is...
meaningMarvel a algo es asombrarse por ello.To marvel at something is to be amazed by it.
example...cómo las abejas construyen hexágonos perfectos en sus colmenas sin ningún plano....how bees build perfect hexagons in their hives without any blueprints.
your turn¿Qué te asombra de verdad cuando te detienes a pensarlo? La naturaleza, la tecnología, la historia - todo cuenta.What genuinely amazes you when you stop to think about it? Nature, technology, history - anything counts.
14EPreguntas del pasajePassage Questions
Cada entrada abajo te indica dónde se esconde la respuesta en el pasaje y muestra qué palabra de vocabulario encaja mejor. Las respuestas de ejemplo son modelos - la tuya debe estar en tus propias palabras.
Each entry below points you to where the answer hides in the passage and shows which vocabulary word fits best. The example answers are models - your own should be in your own words.
1¿Crees que Kublai Khan era esteemed por sus súbditos? ¿Por qué sí o por qué no?Do you think Kublai Khan was esteemed by his subjects? Why or why not?
passage clue"Kublai Khan, by contrast, was a wise and benevolent ruler.""Kublai Khan, by contrast, was a wise and benevolent ruler."
exampleSí, probablemente era held in high esteem porque era sabio y benevolent, a diferencia de su abuelo Genghis Khan, que gobernaba con miedo.Yes, he was likely held in high esteem because he was wise and benevolent, unlike his grandfather Genghis Khan, who ruled through fear.
vocab usedesteem (ya está en la pregunta, pero da tu razonamiento)esteem (already in the question, but state your reasoning)
2¿Cómo describirías el tamaño del territorio que gobernaba Kublai Khan?How would you describe the size of the territory Kublai Khan ruled?
passage clue"the absolute ruler of most of Asia"; "the immense Mongol empire""the absolute ruler of most of Asia"; "the immense Mongol empire"
exampleEra extensive, cubriendo la mayor parte de Asia.It was extensive, covering most of Asia.
vocab usedextensiveextensive
3¿Cómo estableció Genghis Khan su imperio?How did Genghis Khan establish his empire?
passage clue"Genghis Khan had vanquished most of his challengers in Asia.""Genghis Khan had vanquished most of his challengers in Asia."
exampleVanquished a la mayoría de sus rivales y conquistó sus tierras.He vanquished most of his challengers and conquered their lands.
vocab usedvanquishvanquish
4¿Por qué no había manera de apelar las decisiones de Genghis Khan?Why was there no appeal against any of Genghis Khan's rulings?
passage clue"One of the most feared tyrants in history...""One of the most feared tyrants in history..."
examplePorque era un tyrant, su poder era absoluto y nadie podía cuestionar sus decisiones.Because he was a tyrant, his power was absolute and no one could challenge his decisions.
vocab usedtyranttyrant
5¿Sería correcto decir que Marco Polo viajó por todo el mundo? ¿Por qué sí o por qué no?Would it be accurate to say that Marco Polo traveled all over the world? Why or why not?
passage clueViajó "throughout Asia" - no por todo el mundo.He traveled "throughout Asia" - not the entire world.
exampleNo, eso sería una exaggeration. Viajó mucho por Asia, pero nunca visitó las Américas, África ni Australia.No, that would be an exaggeration. He traveled widely throughout Asia, but he never visited the Americas, Africa, or Australia.
vocab usedexaggerate (como exaggeration)exaggerate (as exaggeration)
6¿Cómo demostró Kublai Khan su benevolence hacia Marco Polo?How did Kublai Khan demonstrate his benevolence toward Marco Polo?
passage clueLe "rewarded him with significant positions" y eventualmente le dio su consent para irse.He "rewarded him with significant positions" and eventually gave his consent for Marco Polo to leave.
exampleLe dio a Marco Polo posiciones importantes en la corte y eventualmente le otorgó su consent para regresar a casa, aunque no quería perder a un consejero tan valioso.He gave Marco Polo important positions at court and eventually granted his consent for him to return home, even though he didn't want to lose such a valued adviser.
vocab usedconsentconsent
7¿Cuál era el propósito de los viajes de Marco Polo por Asia?What was the purpose of Marco Polo's travels through Asia?
passage clue"...as his ambassador to travel extensively throughout Asia, carrying out important missions.""...as his ambassador to travel extensively throughout Asia, carrying out important missions."
exampleViajaba como embajador de Kublai Khan, llevando a cabo missions importantes a lo largo del imperio.He traveled as Kublai Khan's ambassador, carrying out important missions across the empire.
vocab usedmissionmission
8¿Marco Polo era libre de regresar a Venecia cuando quisiera?Was Marco Polo free to return to Venice whenever he chose?
passage clue"he could not depart without the emperor's permission""he could not depart without the emperor's permission"
exampleNo. Necesitaba que el emperador relinquish sus servicios antes de poder irse.No. He needed the emperor to relinquish his services before he could leave.
vocab usedrelinquishrelinquish
9¿Cómo se podría haber comportado en la corte una persona menos discreet que Marco Polo?How might a less discreet person than Marco Polo have behaved at court?
passage clueA Marco Polo "could be trusted with information" y era "unlikely to intrigue against the emperor."Marco Polo "could be trusted with information" and was "unlikely to intrigue against the emperor."
exampleUna persona menos discreet podría haber compartido los secretos del emperador, chismeado, o intrigue en su contra.A less discreet person might have shared the emperor's secrets, gossiped, or plotted intrigue against him.
vocab usedintrigueintrigue
10¿Cuál es el significado de fantastic tal como se usa en el pasaje?What is the meaning of fantastic as it is used in the passage?
passage clue"The things he claimed seemed to be too fantastic to be believed.""The things he claimed seemed to be too fantastic to be believed."
exampleAquí, fantastic significa tan extraño o increíble que la gente dudaba que las historias fueran reales - no "maravilloso" en este caso.Here, fantastic means so strange or unbelievable that people doubted the stories were real - not "wonderful" in this case.
tipEsta pregunta está probando si notaste el segundo significado. Sé específico.This question is testing whether you noticed the second meaning. Be specific.
11¿Por qué confiaría Kublai Khan en un extranjero como Marco Polo para que trabajara para él?Why would Kublai Khan trust a foreigner like Marco Polo to work for him?
passage clueMarco Polo era inteligente, discreet, y planeaba regresar a Venecia - así que no tenía ningún incentivo para conspirar contra el emperador.Marco Polo was intelligent, discreet, and planned to return to Venice - so he had no incentive to scheme against the emperor.
examplePorque Marco Polo era inteligente y discreet, y porque planeaba regresar a Venecia eventualmente, no tenía razón para conspirar contra el emperador. El Khan lo tenía en alta estima.Because Marco Polo was intelligent and discreet, and because he planned to return to Venice eventually, he had no reason to scheme against the emperor. The Khan held him in high regard.
vocab useddiscreetdiscreet
12¿Por qué Marco Polo quería relinquish su posición en la corte de Kublai Khan?Why did Marco Polo want to relinquish his position in Kublai Khan's court?
passage clue"After seventeen years Marco Polo grew homesick; he yearned for his native Venice.""After seventeen years Marco Polo grew homesick; he yearned for his native Venice."
exampleDespués de diecisiete años, sintió nostalgia y anhelaba regresar a Venecia.After seventeen years, he became homesick and yearned to return to Venice.
vocab usedrelinquish (ya está en la pregunta - solo responde el "por qué")relinquish (already in the question - just answer the "why")
13¿Cuál es el significado de opportunity tal como se usa en el pasaje?What is the meaning of opportunity as it is used in the passage?
passage clue"The year he spent in captivity gave him the opportunity to dictate his travel adventures...""The year he spent in captivity gave him the opportunity to dictate his travel adventures..."
exampleSignifica una oportunidad o momento favorable para hacer algo - en este caso, la oportunidad de contar su historia.It means a chance or favorable moment to do something - in this case, the chance to tell his story.
tipPregunta de definición. Explica qué significa la palabra en esta oración específica.Definition question. Explain what the word means in this specific sentence.
14¿Por qué los cocodrilos y el carbón parecían marvels a los venecianos?Why did crocodiles and coal seem like marvels to the Venetians?
passage clueMarco Polo describió "creatures with huge jaws... that could swallow a person whole" y "black stones that, when ignited, burned with a great heat."Marco Polo described "creatures with huge jaws... that could swallow a person whole" and "black stones that, when ignited, burned with a great heat."
exampleLos venecianos nunca habían visto cocodrilos ni carbón antes, así que estas cosas parecían fantastic - tan desconocidas que parecían increíbles.The Venetians had never seen crocodiles or coal before, so these things seemed fantastic - so unfamiliar that they seemed unbelievable.
vocab usedfantasticfantastic
15¿Por qué crees que el libro de Marco Polo sigue publicándose después de 700 años?Why do you think Marco Polo's book remains in print after 700 years?
passage clueLa oración de apertura lo llama "one of the most engrossing travel books ever written."The opening sentence calls it "one of the most engrossing travel books ever written."
examplePorque es tan engrossing - las historias de tierras lejanas y maravillas extrañas todavía capturan la atención de los lectores hoy, igual que hace 700 años.Because it's so engrossing - the stories of distant lands and strange wonders still capture readers' attention today, just as they did 700 years ago.
vocab usedengross (como engrossing)engross (as engrossing)
Rastreador de palabras de vocabulario
Vocabulary Word Tracker
Tacha cada una a medida que la uses. La lección te pide usar cada palabra solo una vez en las 15 preguntas.
Cross these off as you use each one. The lesson asks you to use each word only once across the 15 questions.
Usadas en las respuestas de ejemplo arriba: esteem (Q1), extensive (Q2), vanquish (Q3), tyrant (Q4), exaggerate (Q5), consent (Q6), mission (Q7), relinquish (Q8), intrigue (Q9), discreet (Q11), fantastic (Q14), engross (Q15).
Used in the example answers above: esteem (Q1), extensive (Q2), vanquish (Q3), tyrant (Q4), exaggerate (Q5), consent (Q6), mission (Q7), relinquish (Q8), intrigue (Q9), discreet (Q11), fantastic (Q14), engross (Q15).
Palabras todavía disponibles para las preguntas de definición o tus propias variaciones: benevolent, marvel, opportunity. Nota que algunas preguntas ya incluyen la palabra (Q6 benevolent, Q12 relinquish, Q13 opportunity, Q14 marvels) - tu respuesta puede repetir esa palabra o usar una distinta, siempre y cuando ninguna palabra se use dos veces en las 15 preguntas.
Words still available for the definition questions or your own variations: benevolent, marvel, opportunity. Notice that the question prompts already include the word for some questions (Q6 benevolent, Q12 relinquish, Q13 opportunity, Q14 marvels) - your answer can either repeat that word or use a different one as long as no word is used twice across all 15.
ExtensionExtensión de vocabulario · ConsentVocabulary Extension · Consent
Esta es la actividad de discusión y escritura en la página 170. Tienes que escribir 2 - 4 oraciones sobre una actividad después de la escuela que requiere consent de un padre o tutor.
This is the discussion and writing prompt on page 170. You'll need to write 2 - 4 sentences about an after-school activity that requires consent from a parent or guardian.
Cómo hacer una lluvia de ideas
How to Brainstorm
Piensa en cualquier cosa que haces después de la escuela que necesita un permiso firmado, un formulario, un inicio de sesión, o un "sí" de un adulto. Algunas categorías para considerar:
Think about anything you do after school that needs a permission slip, a signed form, an account login, or a "yes" from a grownup. A few categories to consider:
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Equipos deportivos o clubes (formularios de inscripción, listas de la liga)
Sports teams or clubs (sign-up forms, league rosters)
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Excursiones o eventos fuera de la escuela
Field trips or off-campus events
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Cuentas en línea o salas de videojuegos que piden la aprobación de un padre
Online accounts or video game lobbies that ask for parent approval
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Ir a la casa de un amigo
Going to a friend's house
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Tutoría, lecciones de música, u otros programas después de la escuela
Tutoring, music lessons, or other after-school programs
Respuesta de ejemploExample response
modelUna de mis actividades después de la escuela es la práctica de fútbol con mi equipo del club. Antes de poder unirme, mis padres tuvieron que dar su consent firmando un formulario de inscripción y una autorización médica. Sin su consent, el entrenador no me dejaría participar. También tienen que consent a los juegos fuera de casa cuando viajamos a otras ciudades.One of my after-school activities is soccer practice with my club team. Before I could join, my parents had to give their consent by signing a registration form and a medical release. Without their consent, the coach wouldn't let me participate. They also have to consent to away games when we travel to other towns.
your turnElige una actividad real de tu propia vida. Escribe 2 - 4 oraciones. Trata de usar la palabra consent al menos una vez (dos es aún mejor).Pick a real activity from your own life. Write 2 - 4 sentences. Try to use the word consent at least once (twice is even better).
Qué hace una buena respuesta
What Makes a Strong Answer
Una buena respuesta va a: (1) nombrar una actividad específica, (2) explicar cómo entra el consent, y (3) demostrar que entiendes que consent significa dar permiso, no solo que te lo digan.
A strong response will: (1) name a specific activity, (2) explain how consent comes into it, and (3) show that you understand consent means giving permission, not just being told.
✦ ✦ ✦
Tómate tu tiempo con las preguntas que piden tu opinión - esas son las que dejan ver tu pensamiento. Diviértete con Marco Polo.
Take your time with the questions that ask for your opinion - those are the ones where your real thinking shines through. Have fun with Marco Polo.